Low-dose Buccal Buprenorphine: Relative Abuse Potential and Analgesia

Inclusion Criteria: * Intact cognitive status and ability to provide informed consent * Ability to read and write in English sufficiently to understand and complete study questionnaires * Age 18-65 * Opioid-naive status (defined as no use of full mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist, partial MOR agonist, or mixed agonist/antagonist medications for the prior 3 months by patient report Exclusion Criteria: * Liver/kidney disease * Chronic pain * Current/prior substance use disorder * Pregnancy (to avoid fetal drug exposure, with pregnancy tests conducted to confirm eligibility) * Seizure disorder * Certain psychiatric conditions (severe depression, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorders) * Recent use of medications that may interfere with study drug metabolism * Recent benzodiazepine or opioid use (confirmed via rapid urine screening prior to each lab session) * The presence of any medical conditions felt by the study physician to render participant unsafe * Prior allergic reaction or intolerance to oxycodone, buprenorphine, or their analogs (explicitly including moderate-to-severe nausea or vomiting with prior opioids) * Recent use of marijuana, delta-8 THC, CBD, and similar products * Recent use of kratom * Severe asthma * Long QT syndrome * Parkinson disease * Weight \<60 kg