Imaging Speech in Neurotypical Adults and Individuals With Cerebellar Stroke

Inclusion Criteria: Cohort 1 (neurotypical adults): * Age 18-49 * Right-handed * Native English speaker Cohort 2 (people with cerebellar lesions): * Age 18 or older * Right-handed * Native English speaker * History of cerebellar stroke Cohort 3 (controls matched to Cohort 2) * Age 18 or older * Right-handed * Native English speaker Exclusion Criteria: Cohort 1 (neurotypical adults): * Presence of MRI risk factors: metal and/or electromagnetic devices (e.g., pacemakers, neurostimulators) in the body, previous shrapnel injuries, use of an intrauterine device containing metal, claustrophobia, pregnant or possibly pregnant * History of neurological / neurodegenerative disease or severe brain injury (e.g., stroke or severe traumatic brain injury) * Hearing loss, defined by pure tone thresholds \>25 decibels (dB) hearing level (HL) at octave frequencies between 250-8000 Hz * Clinical diagnosis and/or treatment for schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders * Clinical diagnosis and/or treatment for neurocognitive disorders (e.g., dementia, delirium) * Presence of a severe and unmanaged, clinically diagnosed attention disorder * Clinically diagnosed with or treated for a speech, language, or hearing disorder * Head circumference greater than 60cm or weight greater than 300 pounds * History of severe claustrophobia * Currently pregnant Cohort 2 (people with cerebellar lesions): * Presence of MRI risk factors: metal and/or electromagnetic devices (e.g., pacemakers, neurostimulators) in the body, previous shrapnel injuries, use of an intrauterine device containing metal, claustrophobia, pregnant or possibly pregnant * History of neurological / neurodegenerative disease or severe brain injury other than stroke * Hearing loss, defined by pure tone thresholds \>50 dB HL at octave frequencies between 250-4000 Hz * Clinical diagnosis and/or treatment for schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders * Clinical diagnosis and/or treatment for neurocognitive disorders (e.g., dementia, delirium) * Presence of a severe and unmanaged, clinically diagnosed attention disorder * Head circumference greater than 60cm or weight greater than 300 pounds * History of severe claustrophobia * Currently pregnant Cohort 3 (controls matched to Cohort 2): * Presence of MRI risk factors: metal and/or electromagnetic devices (e.g., pacemakers, neurostimulators) in the body, previous shrapnel injuries, use of an intrauterine device containing metal, claustrophobia, pregnant or possibly pregnant * History of neurological / neurodegenerative disease or severe brain injury (e.g., stroke or severe traumatic brain injury) * Hearing loss, defined by pure tone thresholds \>50 dB HL at octave frequencies between 250-4000 Hz * Clinical diagnosis and/or treatment for schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders * Clinical diagnosis and/or treatment for neurocognitive disorders (e.g., dementia, delirium) * Presence of a severe and unmanaged, clinically diagnosed attention disorder * Clinically diagnosed with or treated for a speech, language, or hearing disorder * Head circumference greater than 60cm or weight greater than 300 pounds * History of severe claustrophobia * Currently pregnant